Metronidazole: Uses, Dosage and Side Effects
Metronidazole is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial and parasitic infections. Learn about dosage, side effects, interactions and what to expect.
What is metronidazole?
Metronidazole is an antibiotic medication used to treat infections caused by bacteria and parasites. It works by stopping the growth of these microorganisms.
Common uses
Metronidazole is prescribed for:
- Bacterial vaginosis
- Trichomoniasis
- Certain intestinal and liver infections
- Dental infections
- Skin infections caused by anaerobic bacteria
How to take it
Take metronidazole exactly as prescribed. Dosage depends on the type and severity of infection. Complete the full course even if you feel better.
Swallow tablets whole with water. You can take it with or without food, though taking it with food may reduce nausea.
Side effects
Common side effects include:
- Metallic taste in mouth
- Nausea
- Headache
- Loss of appetite
- Diarrhea
These often improve as your body adjusts to the medication.
Important considerations
- Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after finishing; the combination can cause severe nausea and vomiting
- Tell your doctor about all medications you take; metronidazole interacts with several drugs
- Report fever, severe diarrhea, or signs of infection to your prescriber
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding require medical guidance before use
When to contact your doctor
Seek medical attention if you experience severe allergic reactions, persistent vomiting, blood in stool, or numbness in hands and feet.