Nitrofurantoin for UTIs: How It Works and What to Expect
Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections. See how it works, typical dosing, side effects, and whether telehealth doctors can prescribe it.
What is Nitrofurantoin?
Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic that treats urinary tract infections, including cystitis and uncomplicated UTIs. It concentrates in the urine, making it effective at the site of infection.
How It Works
Nitrofurantoin damages bacterial cell walls and DNA, stopping UTI-causing bacteria from reproducing. It works specifically in the urinary tract where it reaches high concentrations.
Typical Dosing
For uncomplicated UTIs, the standard dose is 100 mg taken twice daily for 5 to 7 days. Some formulations allow once-daily dosing. Your telehealth doctor will determine the right dose based on your infection and medical history.
Common Side Effects
Most people tolerate nitrofurantoin well. Side effects can include:
- Nausea and upset stomach
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Dark urine (harmless discoloration)
- Rash
Taking it with food reduces nausea. Serious side effects are rare but include severe allergic reactions and liver problems.
Who Should Avoid It
Avoid nitrofurantoin if you have:
- Known allergy to the medication
- Severe kidney disease
- End-stage renal failure
- Porphyria
Pregnancy considerations apply, particularly in the third trimester.
Getting Nitrofurantoin via Telehealth
Many telehealth platforms can prescribe nitrofurantoin for uncomplicated UTIs after evaluating your symptoms. Having a urine test result strengthens the diagnosis and helps your doctor pick the right antibiotic.