Sildenafil: Uses, Dosage, and How It Works
Sildenafil treats erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. Find out how it works, typical dosages, side effects, and what to expect.
What is sildenafil?
Sildenafil is a prescription medication that relaxes blood vessels and increases blood flow. It's used to treat two main conditions: erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
How sildenafil works
Sildenafil works by inhibiting an enzyme called phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5). This action widens blood vessels, allowing more blood to flow to specific areas of the body. For erectile dysfunction, increased blood flow to the penis helps produce and maintain an erection when sexual stimulation occurs.
Uses
Erectile dysfunction: Sildenafil helps men achieve and maintain erections suitable for sexual activity.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension: At higher doses, sildenafil reduces strain on the heart by lowering blood pressure in the lungs.
Typical dosage
For erectile dysfunction, sildenafil comes in 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg tablets. Most men start with 50 mg taken about an hour before sexual activity. Dosage can be adjusted based on effectiveness and tolerance.
For pulmonary hypertension, dosing is different and determined by your doctor.
Side effects
Common side effects include headache, facial flushing, indigestion, and nasal congestion. Most side effects are mild and temporary. Serious side effects are rare but can include sudden vision loss or chest pain.
Important considerations
Sildenafil can interact with nitrate medications and some blood pressure drugs. Tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take. It's not suitable for people with certain heart conditions.
You can access sildenafil through in-person doctors, telehealth providers, and some pharmacies that offer online consultations.